The swing era also coincided with the greatest popularity of dance bands in general. The sober, harmonious and simple style was the norm at that time. The complex, almost implausible forms were put aside and replaced by simpler forms, inspired by Rome and Greece. Which post-punk band recorded. Largely influenced by Coleman Hawkins, Eldridge was a much sought-after musician in New York and played in big bands led by Gene Krupa and Artie Shaw. Ives was possibly the most original composer in history, whose influence was only felt years after his astonishing works became known – a pioneer in new directions for orchestration, musical form, harmony, text setting (especially his 114 songs), rhythm, piano writing, tuning and more, predating many composers who later experimented in these areas. When improvising, Gillespie. His nickname, “Prez,” was given to him by Billie Holiday. Two of the more famous Swing band leaders were Tommy Dorsey and Harry James. Jimmy Dorsey 21. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In the '30s, he began leading a band for a weekly dance radio show, for which he bought several of Fletcher Henderson’s arrangements. Fats Waller 11. Swing music has a compelling momentum that results from musicians’ attacks and accenting in relation to fixed beats. Isham Jones 19. Andrews Sisters 2. Some of his most famous recordings were made with singers, including Joe Williams, Ella Fitzgerald, Frank Sinatra, and Tony Bennet. In country music, artists such as Jimmie Rodgers, Moon Mullican and Bob Wills … George Shearing 13. Louis Armstrong 24. Equally as important was Duke Ellington, whose music was infused with a unique range of harmonies and sound colours. Undoubtedly, musical theater composers have changed Western culture for the better. Cab Calloway 6. Credited with popularizing the music of black musicians, such as Henderson, among white audiences, Goodman is considered instrumental in the bolstering of swing music. Kay Kyser 22. But when singers who began as swing stylists, such as Frank Sinatra, Nat King Cole, Peggy Lee, and Sarah Vaughan, became more popular than the swing bands they sang with, the swing era came to an end. Considered one of the most important composers in American music, Duke Ellington rose to fame during the swing era by performing weekly at New York’s Cotton Club. His proficiency and ease in all registers of the trumpet and his double time melodic lines became a model for bebop musicians. Hodges studied briefly with Sidney Bechet, who influenced the alto saxophonist’s syrupy, lyrical sound with a fast, voice-like vibrato. Benny Goodman jump-started his popular big band with a handful of Henderson’s arrangements, and in the '40s Henderson joined the group to become Goodman’s full-time arranger. The swing era also brought respectability to jazz, moving into the ballrooms of America a music that until that time had been associated with the brothels of New Orleans and the Prohibition-era gin mills of Chicago. Armstrong, who had heavily influenced jazz as its greatest soloist in the 1920s when working with both small bands and larger ones, now appeared only with big swing bands. He won an Oscar for his score to Thoroughly Modern Millie in 1967. LiveAbout uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience and for our, Learn About 10 Famous Jazz Singers Every Fan Should Know, Jazz Pianists: 10 Masters Who Revolutionized the Genre. Swing is sometimes considered a partial dilution of the jazz tradition because it organized musicians into larger groups (commonly 12 to 16 players) and required them to play a far higher proportion of written music than had been thought compatible with the fundamentally improvisatory character of jazz. Henderson played a key role in opening up the creative possibilities in jazz. This music, played by a very small ensemble, was much more sophisticated and complex. Some bebop tunes with elements of swing enjoyed the commercial success. Concurrent with the big-band craze came a flowering of the solo art among both small-group musicians, such as pianists Fats Waller and Art Tatum and guitarist Django Reinhardt, and big-band players with after-hours careers. National radio broadcast. With his unique, raspy tone combined with his command of harmonically detailed improvisation, Coleman Hawkins became the preeminent tenor saxophonist during the swing era. Henderson played a key role in opening up the creative possibilities in jazz. Swing rhythms defy any narrower definition, and the music has never been notated exactly. Perhaps in jazz more than any other genre, there exists an enormous crossover between the most famous composers and the greatest performers. Curiously, it was because of Wagner that Italian composer Meyerbeer has remained in obscurity until recently. The swing era was in many ways an exercise in public relations. Hawkins’ influence lasted throughout the advent of bebop and later styles, as instrumentalists attempted to reach for his level of harmonic sophistication and virtuosity. Top 10 Baroque composers (updated 2019) Gramophone Saturday, January 5, 2019 From around 1600 to 1750, the Baroque period witnessed the creation of some of the greatest masterpieces ever composed. Updates? In his day, Meyerbeer was one of the most popular opera composers in the world. A friend of Leonard but no relation, Brooklyn-born Elmer is most famous for his numerous film scores. Are you thinking of composers or musicians? Fletcher Henderson and his band Fletcher Henderson (seated) with his band, 1936. Name two (2) female composers of the twentieth century. was born Walden Robert Cassotto and was one of the most popular rock and roll American… Ella Fitzgerald & Louis Armstrong 503,276 listeners By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Henderson and his brother Horace remained among the most influential swing arrangers of the following decade. He could play stride piano in the style of James P. Johnson and Fats Waller but took his music beyond the conventions of jazz at the time. In 1933, he moved to Kansas City where he eventually joined Count Basie’s big band. Laine, a drummer who led bands in New Orleans from 1891, is often referred to as the father of white jazz. However, his style became very influential on Charlie Parker’s playing and consequentially on bebop in general. George Frideric Handel. Trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie was one of the leading figures of bebop. In the late 40s and through the 50s, a different kind of Jazz became popular. These two record labels would not settle until November 1944, a full 27 months; that's over 2 years in which no swing bands from these two labels were published. Adolph Hofner (1932–1993) Bob Wills & His Texas Playboys (1905–1975) Cecil Brower (1914–1965) Chet Atkins (1942–1996) Chubby Wise (1915–1996) Cliff Bruner (1915–2000) Hank Penny (1918–1992) Hank Thompson, (1946–2007) Johnny Gimble (1938–2015) Johnnie Lee Wills (1912–1984) Leon McAuliffe (1917–1988) Light Crust Doughboys (1931–) Swing, in music, both the rhythmic impetus of jazz music and a specific jazz idiom prominent between about 1935 and the mid-1940s—years sometimes called the swing era. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/23/arts/music/23composers.html Amongst his great achievements were the soundtracks to The Magnificent Seven, The Ten Commandments, The Great Escape, To Kill a Mockingbird, and Ghostbusters. Session 3 The 20's: Beginnings of the Swing Era. Gene Krupa 12. We’ve discussed and debated and compiled our list of the greatest and most influential classical composers. Within the 6-year life of this program, 8 million disks were shipped to men overseas. Read my artist profile of Fletcher Henderson. He expanded the Classical traditions of Joseph Haydn, one of his teachers, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and experimented with personal expression, a characteristic that influenced the Romantic composers who succeeded him. His sound could be growling and rough on up-tempo tunes, or graceful and sensitive on ballads. During the 1920's New Orleans style jazz music was popular and some excellent recording of the King Oliver band, Louis Armstrong with his Hot 5 and Hot 7, and Jelly Roll Morton's Red Hot Peppers give us a good representation of the music of this time. Glenn Miller 15. He is best known for his time spent in Duke Ellington’s band, in which he was the leading tenor soloist for about eight years from 1935 to 1943. Scroll down to explore our selection of the top 20 best classical composers … Many pieces in his repertoire are now considered jazz standards. In 1942, Miller gave up his position as leader of America's most popular swing band in order to serve the war effort. Artie Shaw 3. He was much famous for his operas, anthems and also the concerts done at different places. Glen Gray 14. Ink Spots 18. Ozzie Nelson 27. Basie’s piano style was sparse and precise, and his compositions were bluesy and rousing. The results varied wildly, from Metallica to Stravinsky, and included composers spanning different musical periods, nationalities, and genres. 10 Important Swing Era Jazz Musicians Fletcher Henderson. Lester Young was a tenor saxophonist who spent his childhood touring with his family’s band. 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